{"id":9136,"date":"2026-06-08T20:17:24","date_gmt":"2026-06-08T13:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/?p=9136"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:43:55","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T11:43:55","slug":"four-immeasurables-brahmavihara-zh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/zh\/four-immeasurables-brahmavihara-zh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\uff1f\u6148\u3001\u60b2\u3001\u559c\u3001\u820d"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.entry-title{display:none!important}\n.dpmag{background:#FBF8F2;}\n.dpmag{--linen:#FBF8F2;--linen2:#F3ECE0;--paper:#FFFFFF;--brown:#6B4226;--brown2:#8A5A30;--gold:#B8860B;--green:#5A6E4A;--ink:#2B2B2B;--grey:#7A7368;}\n.dpmag *{box-sizing:border-box;}\n.dpmag{margin:0;background:var(--linen);color:var(--ink);font-family:\"Noto Serif SC\",\"Songti SC\",\"SimSun\",serif;line-height:1.78;font-size:19px;}\n.dpmag .wrap{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 22px 90px;}\n.dpmag 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<span class=\"eyebrow\">\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u4e49 \u00b7 \u56db\u68b5\u4f4f<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\uff1f\u6148\u3001\u60b2\u3001\u559c\u3001\u820d<\/h1>\n<p class=\"dek\">\u56db\u79cd\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u54c1\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u6148\u7231\u3001\u60b2\u60af\u3001\u968f\u559c\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u820d\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u81f3\u65e0\u91cf\u65e0\u8fb9\uff0c\u904d\u53ca\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"meta\"><span><b>\u680f\u76ee\uff1a<\/b>\u4f5b\u5b66\u57fa\u7840<\/span><span><b>\u65f6\u957f\uff1a<\/b>\u9605\u8bfb\u7ea69\u5206\u949f<\/span><span class=\"tag\">#\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3 #\u6148\u60b2\u559c\u820d #\u56db\u68b5\u4f4f<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"hero\"><\/div>\n<article>\n<p><strong>\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3<\/strong>\uff08\u56db\u68b5\u4f4f\uff09\u662f\u5fc3\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u9ad8\u5c1a\u54c1\u8d28\uff1a\u6148\u3001\u60b2\u3001\u559c\u3001\u820d\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u65e0\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u8fb9\u9645\uff0c\u904d\u53ca\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\uff1b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u68b5\u4f4f\u201d\uff08\u68b5\u5929\u7684\u4f4f\u5904\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u5fc3\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u65e2\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7985\u4fee\u7684\u4e1a\u5904\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u9897\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4fee\u4e60\u7684\u5fc3\u6240\u6210\u719f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7f8e\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"box pali\"><span class=\"lbl\">\u5df4\u5229\u672f\u8bed<\/span><b class=\"term\">Brahmavih\u0101ra<\/b>\u2014\u2014\u201c\u68b5\u4f4f\uff0c\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e4b\u5904\u201d\u3002\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\uff1a\u6148\uff08mett\u0101\uff09\u3001\u60b2\uff08karu\u1e47\u0101\uff09\u3001\u559c\uff08mudit\u0101\uff09\u3001\u820d\uff08upekkh\u0101\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u6148\uff08mett\u0101\uff09\uff1a\u6148\u7231\u4e4b\u5fc3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u662f<em>\u6148<\/em>\uff08mett\u0101\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6148\u7231\uff0c\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u613f\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u5b89\u4e50\u3001\u5e78\u798f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u7231\u4e0e\u8d2a\u604b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5584\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u5206\u522b\u5730\u5411\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u655e\u5f00\u3002\u6148\u5fc3\u662f\u55d4\u6068\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6cbb\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u6148\u4e0e\u55d4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5239\u90a3\u5e76\u5b58\u3002\u5f53\u6148\u5fc3\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6012\u6c14\u6765\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8f7b\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u6e29\u6696\u800c\u5f00\u9614\u3002\u6148\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6148\u5fc3\u7985\u6765\u57f9\u517b\uff1a\u5148\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u518d\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4eb2\u4eba\u3001\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u76f8\u5904\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u904d\u53ca\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u60b2\uff08karu\u1e47\u0101\uff09\uff1a\u60b2\u60af\u4e4b\u5fc3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u662f<em>\u60b2<\/em>\uff08karu\u1e47\u0101\uff09\u2014\u2014\u9762\u5bf9\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u82e6\u800c\u751f\u8d77\u7684\u601c\u60af\uff0c\u613f\u4f17\u751f\u79bb\u82e6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6148\u662f\u613f\u4eba\u5f97\u4e50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u60b2\u5c31\u662f\u613f\u4eba\u79bb\u82e6\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e3a\u4e4b\u89e6\u52a8\u3001\u60f3\u8981\u5e2e\u4ed6\u51cf\u8f7b\u65f6\uff0c\u60b2\u5fc3\u4fbf\u751f\u8d77\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u4e0e\u6295\u8eab\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u9700\u8981\u628a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u60b2\u5fc3\u4e0e\u601c\u60af\uff08\u4f7f\u5bf9\u65b9\u89c9\u5f97\u4f4e\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba4\u540c\u5f0f\u7684\u54c0\u4f24\uff08\u6c89\u6eba\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u4ee5\u81f4\u7cbe\u75b2\u529b\u7aed\uff09\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u60b2\u5fc3\u6e29\u6696\u800c\u53c8\u7a33\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u8fd1\u5f97\u8db3\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u82e6\uff0c\u7a33\u5f97\u8db3\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u5e2e\u4e0a\u5fd9\u3002\u60b2\u5fc3\u662f\u6b8b\u5fcd\u4e0e\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u5bf9\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"box kinh\"><span class=\"lbl\">\u7ecf\u6587<\/span>\u201c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u4ff1\u6148\u4e4b\u5fc3\u904d\u6ee1\u4e00\u65b9\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u4ff1\u60b2\u4e4b\u5fc3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u4ff1\u559c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u4ff1\u820d\u4e4b\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u5e7f\u5927\u3001\u65e0\u91cf\u3001\u65e0\u6028\u3001\u65e0\u55d4\u3002\u201d<cite>\u2014\u2014\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u300b\uff08Majjhima Nik\u0101ya\uff09<\/cite><\/div>\n<p class=\"pull\">\u6148\u613f\u4eba\u5f97\u4e50\uff0c\u60b2\u613f\u4eba\u79bb\u82e6\uff0c\u559c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e50\u800c\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u820d\u4ee4\u5fc3\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc3\u5411\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u655e\u5f00\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u559c\uff08mudit\u0101\uff09\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\u800c\u6b22\u559c<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u662f<em>\u559c<\/em>\uff08mudit\u0101\uff09\u2014\u2014\u968f\u559c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u4e0e\u6210\u529f\u800c\u6b22\u559c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec6\u817b\u3001\u5e38\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u5374\u6781\u5176\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5ac9\u5992\u4e0e\u5992\u5fcc\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6cbb\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70e6\u607c\u8ba9\u5fc3\u53d8\u5f97\u67af\u7aed\u800c\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5177\u6709\u968f\u559c\u5fc3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6210\u529f\u800c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u9eef\u7136\u5931\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u8877\u5730\u4e3a\u5bf9\u65b9\u9ad8\u5174\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u653e\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\uff1a\u5b83\u628a\u5ac9\u5992\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u53d8\u6210\u559c\u60a6\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u8eab\u8fb9\u603b\u6709\u4eba\u6b63\u62e5\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u7f8e\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e4b\u540c\u559c\u3002\u5728\u5145\u6ee1\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u5ac9\u5992\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u559c\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u5242\u683c\u5916\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u826f\u836f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u820d\uff08upekkh\u0101\uff09\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u4e4b\u5fc3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u662f<em>\u820d<\/em>\uff08upekkh\u0101\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5fc3\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u88ab\u5377\u8d70\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u51b7\u6f20\u65e0\u60c5\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u660e\u667a\u7684\u5e73\u9759\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u8d77\u4f0f\u4e2d\u7a33\u5982\u78d0\u77f3\u3002\u820d\u662f\u8ba9\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u4e0d\u81f4\u53d8\u8d28\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\uff1a\u5b83\u8ba9\u6148\u4e0d\u53d8\u6210\u8d2a\u604b\uff0c\u8ba9\u60b2\u4e0d\u53d8\u6210\u4ee4\u4eba\u8017\u7aed\u7684\u54c0\u4f24\uff0c\u8ba9\u559c\u4e0d\u53d8\u6210\u6d6e\u8e81\u7684\u5174\u594b\u3002\u820d\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u529b\u6240\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e8b\u7684\u660e\u667a\u63a5\u7eb3\u2014\u2014\u660e\u767d\u4f17\u751f\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u4e48\u7231\u62a4\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u820d\u5fc3\u662f\u6267\u53d6\u4e0e\u7126\u8651\u7684\u5bf9\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6700\u6210\u719f\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u9897\u65e2\u655e\u5f00\u53c8\u5b89\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc3\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u7a33\u56fa\u5b89\u5b81\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"box thuchanh\"><span class=\"lbl\">\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\u4e00\u89c8<\/span><br \/>\n<b>\u6148\uff08mett\u0101\uff09\uff1a<\/b>\u613f\u4eba\u5f97\u4e50\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6cbb\u55d4\u6068\u3002<br \/>\n<b>\u60b2\uff08karu\u1e47\u0101\uff09\uff1a<\/b>\u613f\u4eba\u79bb\u82e6\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6cbb\u6b8b\u5fcd\u3001\u51b7\u6f20\u3002<br \/>\n<b>\u559c\uff08mudit\u0101\uff09\uff1a<\/b>\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e50\u800c\u6b22\u559c\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6cbb\u5ac9\u5992\u3002<br \/>\n<b>\u820d\uff08upekkh\u0101\uff09\uff1a<\/b>\u5fc3\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u660e\u667a\u7684\u5e73\u9759\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6cbb\u6267\u53d6\u3001\u7126\u8651\u3002<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u76f8\u4e92\u5e73\u8861<\/h2>\n<p>\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\u4e4b\u7f8e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u8865\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e00\u9897\u65e2\u5f00\u9614\u53c8\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc3\u3002\u6148\u4e0e\u60b2\u8ba9\u5fc3\u5411\u4f17\u751f\u655e\u5f00\u2014\u2014\u7231\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u60b2\u60af\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u82e6\u3002\u559c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4efd\u7231\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6c89\u91cd\u3002\u820d\u5219\u8ba9\u4e09\u8005\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d8\u6210\u8d2a\u604b\u3001\u54c0\u4f24\u6216\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\u5174\u594b\u3002\u7f3a\u5c11\u820d\uff0c\u6148\u60b2\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u82e6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8017\u7aed\u4e0e\u75db\u82e6\uff1b\u6709\u4e86\u820d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5168\u5fc3\u53bb\u7231\u3001\u53bb\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5374\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6709\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u5b89\u5b81\uff0c\u63a5\u7eb3\u529b\u6240\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u5e73\u8861\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u9897\u67d4\u8f6f\u5f97\u8db3\u4ee5\u53bb\u7231\u3001\u575a\u7a33\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6298\u65ad\u7684\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">\u7b2c\u516d\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u57f9\u517b\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3<\/h2>\n<p>\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5728\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u4e00\u4fee\u4e60\u6bcf\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\uff1a\u6563\u53d1\u6148\u5fc3\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u82e6\u96be\u751f\u8d77\u60b2\u5fc3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\u4fee\u4e60\u559c\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u8d77\u4f0f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u820d\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u76f8\u9047\u90fd\u662f\u673a\u4f1a\uff1a\u9047\u89c1\u67d0\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u8d77\u4e00\u5ff5\u6148\u5fc3\uff0c\u795d\u613f\u4ed6\u5e73\u5b89\uff1b\u770b\u89c1\u6709\u4eba\u53d7\u82e6\uff0c\u751f\u8d77\u60b2\u5fc3\uff1b\u770b\u89c1\u6709\u4eba\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u751f\u8d77\u559c\u5fc3\uff1b\u9047\u5230\u529b\u6240\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u820d\u5fc3\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u3001\u8981\u4e48\u6709\u8981\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u808c\u8089\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4fee\u4e60\u800c\u953b\u70bc\u3001\u58ee\u5927\u3002\u4e00\u9897\u4ee5\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\u6ecb\u517b\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u5b89\u4e50\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u8eab\u8fb9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u798f\u4f51\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u8def\u6240\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6700\u6210\u719f\u3001\u6700\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u7f8e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u56db\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u5f80\u6765\u4e2d\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u4fee\u4e60\u5b83\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5ff5\u6148\u3001\u4e00\u5ff5\u60b2\u3001\u4e00\u5ff5\u559c\uff0c\u6216\u7247\u523b\u7684\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--dpmrg--><\/p>\n<h2><span 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