{"id":9138,"date":"2026-06-08T20:17:23","date_gmt":"2026-06-08T13:17:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/?p=9138"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:43:21","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T11:43:21","slug":"ten-wholesome-actions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/ten-wholesome-actions\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ten Wholesome Actions: Goodness in Body, Speech, and Mind"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.entry-title{display:none!important}\n.dpmag{background:#FBF8F2;}\n.dpmag{--linen:#FBF8F2;--linen2:#F3ECE0;--paper:#FFFFFF;--brown:#6B4226;--brown2:#8A5A30;--gold:#B8860B;--green:#5A6E4A;--ink:#2B2B2B;--grey:#7A7368;}\n.dpmag *{box-sizing:border-box;}\n.dpmag{margin:0;background:var(--linen);color:var(--ink);font-family:\"Iowan Old Style\",\"Palatino Linotype\",\"Noto Serif\",serif;line-height:1.78;font-size:19px;}\n.dpmag .wrap{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 22px 90px;}\n.dpmag 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a{display:inline-block;background:var(--gold);color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700;font-family:\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px;padding:13px 26px;border-radius:30px;}\n.dpmag .tag{font-family:\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-weight:700;}\n.dpmag .footer{margin-top:50px;border-top:1px solid #e3d8c6;padding-top:18px;font-size:14px;color:var(--grey);font-family:\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;}\n.dpmag .grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:14px;margin:24px 0;}\n.dpmag .gcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid #e7dcc9;border-radius:12px;padding:16px 18px;}\n.dpmag .gcard b{color:var(--brown);display:block;margin-bottom:4px;font-size:17px;}\n.dpmag .gcard span{font-size:15.5px;color:#5a5249;}\n.dpmag table.tt{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:24px 0;font-size:16.5px;}\n.dpmag table.tt th{background:var(--brown);color:#fff;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;}\n.dpmag table.tt td{padding:10px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid #e7dcc9;vertical-align:top;}\n.dpmag table.tt tr:nth-child(even) td{background:#F6F0E6;}\n@media(max-width:560px){.dpmag h1{font-size:32px;}\n.dpmag .dek{font-size:18px;}\n.dpmag{font-size:18px;}\n.dpmag .pull{font-size:21px;}\n}<\/p>\n<p>.dpmag .dpnext{background:#F4EEE2;border-left:4px solid #B8860B;padding:16px 20px;margin:30px 0 8px}.dpmag .dpnext .lbl{display:block;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:700;color:#B8860B;margin-bottom:9px}.dpmag .dpnext .hub{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:17px;color:#4A3A2A}.dpmag .dpnext ul{margin:0;padding-left:20px}.dpmag .dpnext li{margin-bottom:6px;font-size:16.5px;line-height:1.5}.dpmag .dpnext a{color:#6B4226;font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"dpmag\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n  <span class=\"eyebrow\">Foundational Teachings \u00b7 Wholesome Kamma<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>The Ten Wholesome Actions: Goodness in Body, Speech, and Mind<\/h1>\n<p class=\"dek\">Beyond avoiding wrongdoing, the Buddha pointed to ten wholesome actions to cultivate \u2014 through our deeds, our words, and even our thoughts.<\/p>\n<div class=\"meta\"><span><b>Category:<\/b> Buddhism Basics<\/span><span><b>Reading time:<\/b> 8 min read<\/span><span class=\"tag\">#tenwholesomeactions #kamma #wholesomeandunwholesome<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"hero\"><\/div>\n<article>\n<p><strong>The ten wholesome actions<\/strong> \u2014 ten courses of wholesome kamma \u2014 widen and deepen the moral life. If the five precepts are mainly about <em>refraining<\/em> from wrongdoing, the ten wholesome actions offer a fuller picture: ten kinds of goodness to cultivate through the three doors of kamma \u2014 body, speech, and above all mind. They are a practical map for planting wholesome kamma.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box pali\"><span class=\"lbl\">P\u0101li term<\/span><b class=\"term\">Dasa kusala-kammapatha<\/b> \u2014 \u201cthe ten wholesome courses of action.\u201d Ten wholesome actions through three doors: body (3), speech (4), and mind (3). Their opposite is the ten unwholesome actions.<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 1<\/span>The three doors of kamma<\/h2>\n<p>Buddhism teaches that kamma \u2014 intentional action that brings about results \u2014 is created through three doors: body (deeds), speech (words), and mind (thoughts). This is a profound insight: kamma lies not only in the outward deeds and words that others can see, but also in the private thoughts of the mind that no one else knows. The ten wholesome actions are spread across these three doors: three wholesome actions of body, four of speech, and three of mind. The inclusion of mental kamma is especially important and profound \u2014 it shows that Buddhist ethics does not stop at outward behavior but reaches all the way to the root, the mind and its intentions, from which every deed and every word arises.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 2<\/span>The three wholesome actions of body<\/h2>\n<p>The three wholesome actions done through the body: <em>not killing<\/em> \u2014 and, beyond that, respecting and protecting life and nurturing kindness toward all beings; <em>not stealing<\/em> \u2014 and, beyond that, being generous, giving, and respecting what belongs to others; <em>no sexual misconduct<\/em> \u2014 and, beyond that, keeping one&#8217;s conduct pure and remaining faithful in relationships. Notice that the ten wholesome actions are not merely \u201cnot doing evil\u201d; they also imply \u201cdoing the opposite good\u201d: not only avoiding harm to life but actively protecting it; not only refraining from stealing but actively giving and sharing. This is a subtle but important difference between a negative ethics (simply avoiding what is bad) and a positive ethics (actively doing what is good) \u2014 and the ten wholesome actions point toward the latter.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box kinh\"><span class=\"lbl\">From the Suttas<\/span>\u201cMind leads all things; mind is their master, mind is their maker. If one speaks or acts with a wholesome mind, happiness follows like a shadow that never leaves.\u201d<cite>\u2014 Dhammapada, verse 2 (paraphrased)<\/cite><\/div>\n<p class=\"pull\">True morality lies not only in what others can see, but also in the private thoughts that no one knows.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 3<\/span>The four wholesome actions of speech<\/h2>\n<p>The four wholesome actions of speech \u2014 which are precisely the content of Right Speech: <em>not lying<\/em>, but speaking truthfully; <em>not speaking divisively<\/em>, but speaking words of harmony that bring together those who are at odds; <em>not speaking harshly<\/em>, but speaking gently and kindly; <em>not indulging in idle chatter<\/em>, but saying what is meaningful, timely, and beneficial. That speech accounts for four of the ten wholesome actions shows how seriously Buddhism takes it \u2014 because speech is where we create the most kamma in a day (we talk almost constantly), and words have great power to heal or to wound, to unite or to divide. Every word we speak is a seed sown in our relationships and in our own mind; the four wholesome actions of speech are a training so that each of those words becomes a wholesome seed.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 4<\/span>The three wholesome actions of mind<\/h2>\n<p>The three wholesome actions of mind \u2014 and this is the deepest part: <em>non-covetousness<\/em>, cultivating a generous, contented mind that does not crave what belongs to others; <em>non-ill will<\/em>, cultivating a loving mind that harbors no resentment or wish to harm and that wishes others well; <em>no wrong view<\/em>, holding right view instead \u2014 trusting and understanding the law of kamma and its results, and seeing reality correctly. These three mental actions are the root, because every deed and every word arises from the mind: a mind full of greed, hatred, and wrong view inevitably leads to unwholesome deeds and words; a mind that is generous, loving, and of right view naturally gives rise to wholesome deeds and words. That is why cultivating the three wholesome actions of mind is practice at the root \u2014 transforming the very source from which all of our kamma flows.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box thuchanh\"><span class=\"lbl\">The ten wholesome actions<\/span><br \/>\n<b>Body (3):<\/b> no killing, no stealing, no sexual misconduct.<br \/>\n<b>Speech (4):<\/b> no lying, no divisive speech, no harsh speech, no idle chatter.<br \/>\n<b>Mind (3):<\/b> no covetousness, no ill will, no wrong view (holding right view).<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 5<\/span>Why mental kamma matters most<\/h2>\n<p>The Buddha emphasized that of the three doors, the mind is the most important, because the mind leads and the mind is in charge. Every action of the body and every word of speech begins with a thought, an intention. If the mind at the root is wholesome, body and speech naturally follow; if the root is unwholesome, then even if we manage to restrain our actions and words on the outside, the unwholesome seed remains in the mind and will look for a way to express itself. This is why Buddhist practice does not stop at correcting outward behavior but goes deep into transforming the mind. A person may behave properly on the outside out of fear of the consequences, yet if their heart is full of greed and hatred, they have not truly been transformed. By placing the three mental actions at their foundation, the ten wholesome actions remind us that the final destination is a clear, pure mind \u2014 and when the mind is pure, wholesome body and speech follow of their own accord.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"num\">PART 6<\/span>Planting wholesome kamma every day<\/h2>\n<p>The ten wholesome actions give us a practical, comprehensive map for planting wholesome kamma every day. They remind us that creating wholesome kamma is not only a matter of great good deeds or special occasions; it happens continuously, through every action, every word, and every thought of ordinary life. Each time we choose kindness over harm, truthfulness over deceit, generosity over greed, and love over hatred, we are planting a seed of wholesome kamma. And these seeds, according to the law of kamma, gradually shape both our future and the very person we are becoming: someone who habitually nurtures wholesome thoughts and actions gradually becomes naturally good, and a bright, peaceful mind grows. The ten wholesome actions, then, are not a list of commandments to be obeyed out of duty, but a living and deeply meaningful practice: every moment of life is an opportunity to plant seeds of peace and happiness for ourselves and for the world.<\/p>\n<p>Today, pay attention to your three doors of kamma \u2014 body, speech, and mind \u2014 and choose to plant one wholesome seed at each door.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tomlai\"><span class=\"lbl\">In short<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2022 <b>The ten wholesome actions<\/b> are ten kinds of goodness through the three doors of kamma: body (3), speech (4), and mind (3).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 They mean not only avoiding evil but actively doing the opposite good (a positive ethics).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Speech accounts for 4 of the 10 \u2014 Buddhism takes verbal kamma very seriously; mental kamma (non-covetousness, non-ill will, no wrong view) is the root.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The mind matters most because it leads all kamma; plant wholesome kamma every day through each action, word, and thought.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"box suyngam\"><span class=\"lbl\">Questions for reflection<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Of your three doors of kamma, which one most needs your attention and transformation?<\/li>\n<li>Does your outward behavior truly come from a clear, pure mind \u2014 or is it only restraint?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--dpil--><\/p>\n<div class=\"dpnext\"><span class=\"lbl\">Continue reading in this series<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"hub\">This article is part of the <b>Buddhism Fundamentals<\/b> series \u2014 a reading path best followed in order.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"dp-lang-index\"><li style=\"margin:0 0 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/four-immeasurables-brahmavihara\/\" style=\"color:#6B4226;font-weight:600\">What Are the Four Immeasurables? Loving-Kindness, Compassion, Joy, Equanimity<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin:0 0 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/greed-hatred-delusion-three-roots\/\" style=\"color:#6B4226;font-weight:600\">Greed, Hatred and Delusion: The Three Poisons and the Three Unwholesome Roots<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin:0 0 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/is-kamma-fate\/\" style=\"color:#6B4226;font-weight:600\">Is Kamma Fate? What Karma Really Means in Buddhism<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin:0 0 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/middle-way-majjhima-patipada\/\" style=\"color:#6B4226;font-weight:600\">The Middle Way: The Balanced Path That Avoids Two Extremes<\/a><\/li><li style=\"margin:0 0 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/three-trainings-sila-samadhi-panna\/\" style=\"color:#6B4226;font-weight:600\">Virtue, Concentration, Wisdom: The Three Steps of the Threefold Training<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<p><!--\/dpil--><\/p>\n<div class=\"footer\">D\u00f2ng Ph\u00e1p \u00b7 dongphap.net \u2014 Therav\u0101da Buddhism, P\u0101\u1e37i &amp; mindfulness, presented in an accessible, practical way.<br \/>The teachings in this article are based on the P\u0101\u1e37i Canon of the Therav\u0101da tradition; P\u0101\u1e37i texts are checked against the VRI edition. See <a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/about\/\">our sources and how we write<\/a> \u00b7 Spotted something that needs correcting? <a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/contact\/\">Let us know<\/a>.<br \/>Translated from the Vietnamese original: <a href=\"https:\/\/dongphap.net\/en\/ten-wholesome-actions\/\" hreflang=\"vi\" lang=\"vi\">Th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p: m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh qua th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd<\/a><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Beyond avoiding wrongdoing, the Buddha taught ten wholesome actions to cultivate \u2014 through our deeds, our words, and even our thoughts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9328,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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